View source for Survey of Physical Interfaces for Music

<font size=5>'''How to Categorize/Analyze Existing Controllers?'''</font>

==Dichotomies==

* Toy vs. Instrument
** Perry Cook --  [http://www.cs.princeton.edu/sound/research/controllers/dining/ Fillup Glass]
** Gary Scavone -- [http://www-ccrma.stanford.edu/%7Egary/AirPhone.html Phoney Controller]
** Joe Paradiso -- [http://www.media.mit.edu/resenv/sweptRF.html Musical Trinkets]
** Michael Gurevich & Stephan von Muehlen -- [http://ccrma.stanford.edu/%7Egurevich/accordiatron/ Accordiatron]

* Sonification vs. Deliberate Control
** Rego Sen, Wai Kit Leung, Ariege Misherghi -- [http://ccrma.stanford.edu/courses/250a-fall-2003/video/Rego/Rego.mov Foosball Live] (133M)
** Peter Solderitsch, Becky Currano, Unnur Grettarsdottir -- [http://ccrma.stanford.edu/%7Everplank/250a/2002/TM.mov Musical TM] (25M)

* Pre-programmed vs. Performed
** Brian Rulifson et al.  -- [http://ccrma.stanford.edu/%7Everplank/250a/2002/GPS.mov GPS Sonification] (18M)
** Curtis Bahn & Tomie Hahn -- [http://www.arts.rpi.edu/crb/Activities/SSpeaPer/pikapika.htm Pikapika]

* Gesture vs. Mode Change
** Pascal Stang, John McCarty, Jeff Bernstein -- [http://ccrma.stanford.edu/%7Everplank/250a/2002/Muggle.mov Muggling] (15M)
** Yamaha -- [http://www.media.mit.edu/%7Ejoep/MPEGs/Miburi.mpg Miburi] (18M)
** David Lowenfels -- [http://ccrma.stanford.edu/%7Everplank/250a/2002/GridDrum.mov Grid Drum] (22M)

* Cartoon Sounds vs. Musical Sounds
** Rego Sen -- [http://ccrma.stanford.edu/courses/250a-fall-2003/video/Rego/RegoS.mov Jack in the Box] (58M)
** Yamaha / Toshio Iwai -- [http://www.global.yamaha.com/design/tenori-on/ Tenori-on] ([http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJSIkb_gOys video])

* Individual vs. Group
** Sid Fels -- [http://www.ece.ubc.ca/%7Ehct/research/twopersons/ Tooka]
** Jorda -- [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WEDia3CFdfg Reactable]
** David Merrill, Tim Hankins, Jocelyn Robert -- [http://ccrma.stanford.edu/%7Everplank/250a/TurnTable.mov COOL] (120M)
** Rodrigo Segnini, Hiroko Terasawa, Vivian Woo -- [http://ccrma.stanford.edu/%7Everplank/250a/2002/Kitchen2.mov Sound Kitchen] (42M)




==Dimension Space Analysis==

* Arbitrary number of axes, not necessarily orthogonal
* Axes may be continuous, discrete & ordered, or eccentric & unordered
* Arrange axes in radial symmetry, each analysis creates a unique 2-D shape
** Like the [[Interaction Design Framework]], forces you to consider all aspects



==Rasmussen's Human-Machine Interaction==
* Skill-based
** "Real-time continuous response to a continuous signal."
** Controlling a signal
** High control rate
** E.g. Instrumental performance
** David Birnbaum's [http://ccrma.stanford.edu/%7Everplank/workshop/Dave.mov Rulers]
* Rule-based
** "Selection and execution of stored procedures in response to cues extracted from the system"
** Controlling a process
** E.g. a Sequencer, like Grid Drum (above)
* Knowledge/Model-based
** "directed toward a conceptual goal. Active reasoning must be used before an appropriate action (rule- or skill-based) is taken."
** Not characterized by literal presentation, but concept behind it.
** Active interpretation by performer.
** E.g. Live coding -- [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hFAh-pgxGyc ChucK]
* Mark Hauenstein's [http://www.nurons.net/audioshaker/video2.htm Audio Shaker]



==Blaine & Fels' Contexts of Collaborative Musical Experiences==

* Balancing complexity and expressivity
** But can't something be complex and expressive, if the performer is skilled??
* Focus
** Player to Player
** Players to Audience
* Location
** Local vs. Remote
* Media
** Audio/Visual/Mixed
** A/V causality
* Scalability
* Player Interaction
** Specific roles
** N copies
** Jamming
** Interdependency
* Musical Range
** Constraint
* Physical Interface
* Directed Interaction
** Leader-follower
** Turn-taking
** Call-and-response
** Expert leader
* Pathway to Expert Performance
** Compromised when ease of learning is achieved by constraining musical material
* Level of Physicality



==Themes ==

* Scenario
** Who, where, when?
** Performance? installation? toy?
** Local/Remote
* Skill
** Expert? anyone?
** Threshold -- entry fee
** Ceiling -- ability to develop virtuosity
** Assumed prior knowledge/ability
* Style
** Ceiling
** Walls -- range of actions, results
** Paths from A-> B, is variation in gesture predictably reflected in sound
*** Controllability, mapping
** Virtuosity, expression
* Scale
** Dynamic range
** Range of sounds
** Range of gestures
** Degrees of freedom


Reference Papers

1. M. Gurevich, B. Verplank and S. Wilson (2003). [Phttp://ccrma.stanford.edu/courses/250a/docs/gurevich_icmc2003.pdf hysical Interaction Design for Music]. Proceedings of the 2003 International Computer Music Conference, Singapore.

2. T. Blaine and S. Fels (2003). [http://www.nime.org/2003/onlineproceedings/Papers/NIME03_Blaine.pdf Contexts of Collaborative Musical Experiences]. Proceedings of the 2003 Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression (NIME-03), Montreal, Canada.

3. J. Malloch, D. Birnbaum, E. Sinyor and M. Wanderley (2006). [http://www.dafx.ca/proceedings/papers/p_049.pdf Examining Design Goals of Digital Musical Instruments]. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Digital Audio Effects (DAFx-06), Montreal, Canada.

4. D. Birnbaum, R. Fiebrink, J. Malloch and M. M. Wanderley (2005). [http://www.nime.org/2005/proc/nime2005_192.pdf Towards a Dimension Space for Musical Devices]. Proceedings of the 2005 Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression (NIME-05), Vancouver, BC, Canada.

5. P. Cook (2001). [http://www.nime.org/2001/papers/cook.pdf Principles for Designing Computer Music Controllers]. CHI '01 Workshop on New Interfaces for Musical Expression (NIME-01). Seattle, USA.

6. C. Poepel (2005). [http://www.nime.org/2005/proc/nime2005_228.pdf On Interface Expressivity]. Proceedings of the 2005 Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression (NIME-05), Vancouver, BC, Canada.
   
7. D. Wessel and M. Wright (2001). [http://www.nime.org/2001/papers/wessel.pdf Problems and Prospects for Intimate Musical Control of Computers]. CHI '01 Workshop on New Interfaces for Musical Expression (NIME-01). Seattle, USA.

8. S. Jorda (2001). [http://www.nime.org/2001/papers/jorda.pdf New Musical Interfaces and New Music-making Paradigms].CHI '01 Workshop on New Interfaces for Musical Expression (NIME-01). Seattle, USA.

9. M. Resnick and B. Silverman (2005). [http://web.media.mit.edu/%7Emres/papers/IDC-2005.pdf Some Reflections on Designing Construction Kits for Kids]. Proceedings of Interaction Design and Children conference, Boulder, CO.